Concepts play a vital role in enabling chemist to deliver. The recently developing concept based teaching methods are likely to play a pivotal role towards the efforts for promoting understanding of chemical concepts and assimilation of vital theoreticalfoundations of chemistry. A. F. M. Fahmy and J. J. Lagowski are the leading figures in a worldwide derive towards concept building of young generation through this novel mode of teaching and learning. However, their efforts, till recently have been mostly organic chemistry specific. Nevertheless, SALTC teaching methods are equally applicable to various other disciplines in chemistry. SATLC methodology can also be thus used to overcome the problems faced by students in understanding the efficacy of any chemical entity for a specific and desired chemical action. This presentation outlines possible applications of SATLC technique to the concepts related to a number of aspects of Physical Chemistry that are to be put together in one unit forfacilitating a chemical compound’s application in any chemical change desired by any researcher.

Twelve compounds have been isolated for the first time from Amberboa ramosa namely, octacosanoic acid (1), cinnamicacid (2), 7,8-dihydroxycoumarin (3), 5-hydroxy-7,8-dimethoxyflavone(4), 5-hydroxy-3,6,7,4?-tetramethoxyflavone (5), 5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxyflavone (6),???-amyrin (7),???-amyrin acetate (8), marrusidin A (9) marrusidin B (10), polyodonine (11), stigmasterol 13-O-?-D-glucopyranoside (12)respectively. Their structures have been elucidated by EI-MS, HR-EI-MS, HR-FAB-MS, H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectroscopic data. Compounds 2-6 showed moderate antioxidant activity.

The multiple linear regression (MLR) was used to build the linear quantitative structure-property relationship (QSPR) model for the prediction of the molar diamagnetic susceptibility (?m) for 140 diverse organic compounds using the three significantdescriptors calculated from the molecular structures alone and selected by stepwise regression method. Stepwise regression was employed to develop a regression equation based on 100 training compounds, and predictive ability was tested on 40 compounds reserved for that purpose. The stability of the proposed model was validated using Leave-One-Out cross-validation and randomization test. Application of the developed model to a testing set of 40 organic compounds demonstrates that the new model is reliable with good predictive accuracy and simple formulation. By applying MLR method we can predict the test set (40 compounds) with Q2ext of 0.9894 and average root mean square error (RMSE) of 2.2550. The model applicability domain was always verified by the leverage approach in order to propose reliable predicted data. The prediction results are in good agreement with the experimental values.

An improved condensation of substituted chalcones 1a-g with hydrazine hydrate and formic acid in 2-methoxyethanol to afford new series of 4,5-dihydro-pyrazole-1-carbaldehyde derivatives 2a-g. Clean reaction conditions, simple workup procedure andshort reaction time giving high yields of product are notable advantages of method. All newly synthesized compounds characterized by chemical test, spectral and elemental analysis. Further, all newly synthesized compounds were screened for their antimicrobial activity. Most of these title compounds exhibited potent activity.

The disposal of industrial wastage without proper treatment is responsible for the lowering of crop productivity with the accumulation of essential and non essential trace metals in the land. The present research was designed to evaluate Cadmium toxicity on plant growth and to describe the remedial effect of tea wastage against Cd(II) toxicity with reference to the growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum L).Application of Cd2+decreased the wheat seedling growth along with alleviated concentration. It was 2+dose-dependent, and significant at higher concentration of CdCl2. The result showed the inhibitory effect of Cd ion on plant growth which includes reduction in shoot and root length, plant fresh and dry biomass and soluble carbohydrate and significant increase in total phenol contents as defense biomolecule against external stress. Adsorption is a promising alternative method to treat industrial effluents. Mainly because of its low cost and high metal binding capacity tea waste is one of the low cost and easily available adsorbent having strong adsorptivity towards heavy metals. The consumed tea leaves were found to be able to remove substantial amounts of Cd+2ions from aqueous solution. Thus it can be inferred that the addition of tea waste at appropriate rate may be useful approach to enhance the plant growth and to immobilize Cd2+by depressing its bioavailability.

A simple technique was established for the specific modification of guanidine groups in different extracts of tissues involving reaction with ninhydrin. The extent of the reaction is simply determined by spectrophotometric analysis. The method comparedwith HPLC. This modified method made easily determined in micro-quantities of L-arginine, which were operating conditions for the successful determination of arginine were optimized. The results shed the light on reduction of interference substance with and given accuracy as compared with HPLC analytical method with acceptable recovery percent as well as this method given the amount of free type of arginine based on rapid reaction of amino group of L-arginine and compartmentalization was neglected thebound type profile. Finally the procedure was display high reproducibility and sensitivity of different biological tissues extracts, further studies need to explore the pharmacokinetic using of this method for given their applicability.

A rapid, sensitive and selective HPLC separation with photodiode array detector was developed for the determination of the a-keto acids from pharmaceutical tablet. a-keto acids (1) 3-methyl 2-oxobutyric acid (MKBA), (2) 3-methyl 2-oxovaleric acid (K3MVA), (3) 4-methyl-2-oxovaleric acid (K4MVA) and (4) Phenyl pyruvic acid (PPY) as derivatives with 4-dinitro 1,2-phenylenediamine (NPD) eluted and separated from HPLC column Zorbax C–18 and the UV detection was carried out by photodiode array at 255 nm at pH 3. The isocratic elution was with methanol-water-acetonitrile (42:56:2V/V/V) with flow rate 0.9 ml/min. The standard curves were linear from 0.45-100 µg/ml and detection limits were within 0.1-0.266 µg/ml of each acid. The elution and separation of four keto acids was rapid within 10 min.The method was repeatable with relative standard deviation (RSD) within 0.1-2.9% for each of the a-keto acids. The method was applied for determination of a-keto acids from a pharmaceutical preparation. The result was further confirmed by standard addition technique.

Nine pesticides of commonly used in Gaza Strip were tested in this work for optimal separation onto silica gel TLC plates in acetone/ cyclohexane, 1:2 (v/v), as a mobile phase to develop a new densitometric method for quantification and determination of these pesticides in water samples. These pesticides are: abamectine, atrazine, benomyl, cymoxanil, diuron, imidacloprid, linuron, penconazole, and propazine. Calibration plots were linear between 25 to 1000 ng/spot for all pesticides with a correlation coefficient, r, between 0.9920 and 0.9993. Recoveries after enrichment of real water samples on Bakerbond RP-C18cartridges were between 79.4 and 103.7 % at a relative standard deviation between ± 1.92 and 3.68 %. Detection limits LOD of 25 - 100 ng per spot for eight of the pesticides were reached, which meet the European limits for pesticides in drinking water (100 ngL-1), while penconazole has an LOD value of 200 ngL-1 because of its low UV-absorption coefficient.